An array of super sensitive light detectors ( photomultipliers) surround the sides of the test chamber. The test chamber is made up of steel and is in the shape of a cylinder.
The detector is nearly a kilometer below the surface (so that particles which interact with matter get enough chance to do so). One of the detectors which is capable of detecting neutrinos today is the Super Kamiokande Neutrino Observatory. Ultimately, you will be left with a beam consisting of neutrinos in majority. Neutrinos feebly interact with matter and hence will easily make its way through the slab. The heavy particles can also be removed easily by using a thick steal-cement slab. Neutrinos being uncharged are not affected by the magnetic field. The charged particles will deflect in a curved path and hence can be separated. The charged particles can be removed easily by surrounding the beam with a magnetic field. Some of these particles such as protons are unwanted particles which must be separated while some particles are useful such as pions which decay into muons and electrons producing neutrinos as side products. This is a very diverse beam of particles consisting of heavy and light, charged and uncharged (neutrons, protons, electrons, pions, neutrinos and what not). Smashing protons against a target will produce a beam of new particles.
Producing neutrinos is relatively easier than detecting neutrinos. Medium - neutrinos don't need a medium but they can travel through any medium.To build a communication system, you need three components: $$$$ Building a Neutrino powered telephone Apart from catching the stray neutrinos in the cosmic rays, we have managed to detect neutrinos produced by smashing particles in accelerators. We humans have already built detectors capable of detecting neutrinos despite the fact that the neutrinos are not social beings. Neutrinos are extremely light and feebly interact with matter. While the proton, neutrons and other 'very social' particles get trapped by the many layers of the crust, these hermit neutrinos can stream through the matter unaffected (as a matter of fact, many light years of steel across). There are trillions of trillions of neutrinos passing through the earth at any given time. The cosmic rays consist of all sorts of particles ranging from heavy protons to little to no mass neutrinos.